Rising temperatures and more frequent droughts pose major challenges for plant conservation, particularly in arid and semi-arid ecosystems, where species already experience extreme climatic conditions and may occur at the edge of their evolutionary distributions. Understanding how species reproduce, germinate, and establish seedlings is critical for managing both in situ and ex situ conservation in these environments. This talk will explore the seed biology and seedling establishment of Geijera parviflora, an arid-zone species, focusing on its dormancy classification and seed longevity. Seedling experiments reveal the sensitivity of early plant stages to both high temperatures and water stress. These findings provide practical guidance for conserving and restoring arid-land species in their natural habitat.